HTML Symbols

HTML Symbol Entities

HTML entities was described in the previous chapter.

HTML symbols like mathematical operators, arrows, technical symbols and shapes, are not present on a normal keyboard.

To add these symbols to an HTML page, you can use the HTML entity name.

If no entity name exists, you can use the entity number.

If the character does not have an entity name, you can use a decimal (or hexadecimal) reference.

	If you use an HTML entity name, or number, the character will always display correctly. This is independent of what character set (encoding) your page uses!

I will display €
I will display €
I will display €

I will display €
I will display €
I will display €

Char	Number	Entity	Description
∀	∀	∀	FOR ALL
∂	∂	∂	PARTIAL DEFFERENCIAL
∃	∃	∃	THERE EXISTS
∅	∅	∅	EMPTY SETS
∇	∇	∇	NABLA
∈	∈	∈	ELEMENT OF
∉	∉	∉	NOT AN ELEMENT OF
∋	∋	&ni;	CONTAINS A MEMBER
∏	∏	∏	N-ARY PRODUCT
∑	∑	∑	N-ARY SUMMATION

Char	Number	Entity	Description
Α	Α	Α	GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA
Β	Β	Β	GREEK CAPITAL LETTER BETA
Γ	Γ	Γ	GREEK CAPITAL LETTER GAMMA
Δ	Δ	Δ	GREEK CAPITAL LETTER DELTA
Ε	Ε	Ε	GREEK CAPITAL LETTER EPSILON
Ζ	Ζ	Ζ	GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ZETA

Char	Number	Entity	Description
©	©	©	REGISTERED SIGN
®	®	®	REGISTERED SIGN
€	€	€	EURO SIGN
™	™	™	TRADEMARK
←	←	←	LEFTWARDS ARROW
↑	↑	↑	UPWARDS ARROW
→	→	→	RIGHTWARDS ARROW
↓	↓	↓	DOWNWARDS ARROW
♠	♠	&spades;	BLACK SPADE SUIT
♣	♣	&clubs;	BLACK CLUB SUIT
♥	♥	&hearts;	BLACK HEART SUIT
♦	♦	&diams;	BLACK DIAMOND SUIT